Crown Lengthening

Crown lengthening is a minor surgical procedure that removes excess gum tissue — and sometimes a small amount of bone — to expose more of the natural tooth structure. It's performed for two main reasons: functionally, to create enough healthy tooth structure for a crown or bridge to attach to properly; and cosmetically, to reduce a "gummy smile" and create a more balanced ratio of gum to tooth.

You may be a candidate if your dentist has determined that a tooth needs a crown or bridge but there isn't enough tooth structure above the gumline to support it. It's also indicated when decay or a fracture extends below the gumline and needs to be accessed before a restoration can be placed, or if you're looking to correct a gummy smile. Not everyone is suitable — factors such as bone levels and root length need to be assessed. A thorough consultation, including X-rays, is needed to confirm whether the procedure is appropriate for your situation.

The procedure is performed under local anaesthesia, so you shouldn't feel pain during it. Some discomfort, swelling, and sensitivity in the days following are normal. Your dentist will provide detailed post-operative instructions, including guidance on pain management, oral hygiene, and diet, to support a smooth recovery.

Most discomfort subsides within the first few days, and sutures are typically removed at the 7–10 day mark. Surface healing of the gum tissue is usually complete within 6–12 weeks, though this varies depending on which teeth are involved — front teeth generally take longer than back teeth. If crown lengthening is being performed to prepare for a crown or bridge, your dentist will wait until the tissue has fully stabilised before placing the restoration. Your dentist will schedule follow-up appointments to monitor healing throughout.

For functional cases, the change to the visible gum line is usually minimal and confined to the area being treated. For cosmetic cases where the goal is reducing a gummy smile, the procedure is specifically designed to improve the appearance — revealing more of the natural tooth crown for a more proportionate, balanced smile. Your dentist will discuss what to expect aesthetically during your treatment planning consultation.

Crown lengthening is intended to be a long-lasting procedure, and for most patients it is. However, gum tissue can partially grow back — particularly if post-operative care instructions aren't followed closely — which may require the procedure to be repeated. Beyond this, if significant gum disease develops or the treated tooth is eventually lost, further treatment may be needed. Following your dentist's aftercare guidance and attending regular check-ups gives you the best chance of maintaining the results long-term.